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Seeds are living plant embryos. Even after they’re packaged and sold, they continue to slowly use energy. How you store seeds after purchase can greatly influence germination success the next time you plant them. Good storage slows the seed’s metabolism and keeps seeds dormant until you’re ready to plant.
Seeds store best when they are kept in a cool, dry, and dark environment. Heat and humidity accelerate aging and reduce the viability of cells. Most seeds will last longer when stored in a location with consistently cool temperatures (ideally 35–45°F) and low humidity.
Place seed packets or loose seeds in airtight containers such as glass jars, sealed plastic bags, or moisture-proof boxes to keep out humidity and pests. Silica gel or other desiccants can help reduce moisture inside the container.
Always label containers with the variety name and date received or stored. This helps you track seed age and plan plantings with confidence.
Do not store seed in garages, attics, or sheds where temperatures and humidity fluctuate widely, as these conditions shorten seed viability.
Room temperature storage (e.g., on a shelf) is acceptable for the current season but will reduce viability faster over multiple years.
Cool, controlled storage (refrigerated or similar) can maintain viability for several years for many seed types.
Some seeds that tolerate drying and cool conditions very well are classified as “orthodox” and can last longest under proper conditions.
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